Despite some ups and downs on a small scale, mortgage rates have been sideways in the bigger picture.  That's a good thing if the latest refi application data is any indication.  Demand is at the highest levels since October as rates have generally been holding near mid-October levels. Today was just another day in that regard.  Bonds (which dictate rates) were slightly weaker overnight (bond weakness implies higher rates). As as often been the case recently, stocks played a role in the rate movement. Prospects for a debt ceiling deal may have contributed to market optimism.  With that, mortgage rates were just a few tenths of a percent higher than yesterday, but to reiterate, not too far from yesterday's latest levels.

Mortgage rates hit their highest levels in just over 2 weeks yesterday and they were on track to remain unchanged today. In fact, the average lender offered the exact same 30yr fixed rate when this morning's initial barrage of rate sheets came out. Lenders typically publish their first rates of the day around 10am ET, and they prefer to avoid any do-overs. But because rates are based on bonds, when the underlying bond market moves enough, lenders can opt to update their offerings. In the mortgage industry, these instances are referred to as "reprices."  Reprices can happen in either direction.  Today's were positive (i.e. lower rates). This was made possible by bond market improvement that came at the expense of stock market weakness.  Stocks and bonds don't always have this type of push and pull relationship, but it has been more common in recent weeks as stocks swoon. Despite the improvement, the general trend in rates has been sideways to slightly higher, but inside the lowest, narrowest range since October.  

Mortgage rates have moved up over the past 2 days, ultimately hitting the highest levels since February 24th today.  While that sounds somewhat unpleasant or unfortunate, context paints a softer picture.  Specifically, since February 25th, the average top tier 30yr fixed rate has been in a fairly narrow 0.12% range centered on 6.75%. That makes the past 2 weeks the best 2 weeks we've seen since early October. Today's contribution ended up being surprisingly uneventful. Why surprising? Markets were eagerly anticipating the Consumer Price Index (CPI) release this morning. As is always the case these days, CPI stands a good chance to send rates higher or lower at a faster pace than most other economic reports. Today's CPI showed softer than expected inflation for February and an upward revision for January. Some of the underlying components suggested future inflation readings would be slightly higher than expected. Those counterpoints prevented rates from moving lower despite the apparent victory in the headlines. Looking ahead, tomorrow's Producer Price Index (PPI) is a similar report, but focused on wholesale inflation as opposed to consumer inflation.  It, too, can have a bearing on the same future inflation data as CPI. Last month, PPI actually had a bigger impact, and it helped push rates back down after CPI pushed them higher. While this certainly doesn't mean history will repeat itself, it illustrates the possibility of disagreement among these reports. 

With fiscal and geopolitical developments dominating the news cycle, it would be easy to forget that interest rates prefer to take their primary cues from economic data.  This is an important reminder considering tomorrow morning brings one of the most closely watched economic reports: the Consumer Price Index (CPI). CPI is one of only a few inflation reports from the U.S. government. It is also the out 2 weeks earlier than its only real competitor. Because of that, and the fact that rates are greatly impact by inflation, CPI is one of the biggest potential sources of rate volatility. There are certainly other economic reports that matter.  Even today's Job Openings data managed to cause small scale volatility this morning, but CPI is  far more capable.  As always, in order to have a truly big impact on rates, the data would need to come in much higher or lower than forecast, and there's no way to know where it will come in ahead of time (economists have already done their best to forecast that).  As for today, stock market fluctuations proved to be a bigger influence than the Job Openings data, ultimately pushing rates slightly higher compared to yesterday's latest levels.

Conventional 30yr fixed mortgage rates hit their lowest levels in months last Tuesday morning, with the average lender right in line with levels from mid October or early December. After that, rates rose steadily for the next two days and leveled off on Friday. While the bounce was small enough to leave a vast majority of 2025's improvement intact, it nonetheless raised the risk that the bond market would need more convincing before rates were willing to keep following the broader sentiment suggested by ongoing stock losses. Specifically, stocks are speaking to economic concerns. When stocks drop quickly enough, investors can seek safer havens, such as bonds.  When demand for bonds increases, rates fall, all other things being equal. Monday has been reassuring in that regard. Bonds are once again paying attention to weakness in stocks--it just happened to take a bigger drop in stocks that we saw last week. Despite the improvement in rates, we would still expect some resistance to the idea of rapid improvement unless the economic data begins to sound the same warnings as equities markets. On that note, the most relevant econ data on the near-term horizon is Wednesday's Consumer Price Index (CPI), the first of the broad measures of inflation in the U.S. and one of the biggest potential sources of volatility for rates.